Improvement in mortising-machines



L. HOUSTON.

Mnrtising-Machines.

No.135,337, Patented1an.28,187s.

WITNESSES.

a/rl How@ UNITED STATES PATENT -GEEICE LEVI HOUSTON, OF SMITHVILLE, NEWJERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN MORTISING-MACHINES.'

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 135,337, dated January28, 1873.

a To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, LEVT HOUSTON, of Smithvllle, Burlington county, NewJersey, have invented certain Improvements in Mortisingfrom wearin g ofthe spindle and its bearing.

I accomplish the rst of these objects in the manner illustrated in theside elevation, Figure 1, and plan view, Fig. 2, by so combining thereciprocating chisel-spindle A with a hollow spindle and disk, D, andwith pawls E and E', acting on pins on the said disk, and hung to aslide, F, operated, through a lever, G, or equivalent medium, by thetreadle H, which controls the vertically-adj ustable work-table, thatwhen the said treadle is released and the worktable descends the slideF, with its pawls, will be drawn back, andthe disk and chisel'turned aquarter way round, or there-about; and when the table is 'again raised,by depressing the treadle, the slide will be moved forward, in order toturn the chisel in the same direction, to the extent of another quarterof a revolution, and to a position the reverse of that which it occupiedin the rst instance.

The second obj ect of my invention is attained by causing thereciprocating chisel-spindle A to slide through a conical split bearing,B, adapted to an opening of corresponding shape in the arm K of theframe, or in the hollow spindle D of the reversing mechanism, andcapa-bleef being tightened upon the said chiselspindle when the partsbegin to work loosely, owing to the eifects of wear, by simply drawingthe said bearing upward by means of a nut, L, with which it is providedat its upper threaded end. (See enlarged sections, Figs. 3 and 4.) Thiswed ging of the split bearing into the conical opening, and theconsequent tightening of the same upon the reciprocating chisel-spindle,can be continued until the said bearing has become reduced to a mereshell, when it.can be readily removed and replaced by a new one.

It is not absolutely essential that the conical split bearin g should bedrawn upward in order to tighten it upon the spindle, as it could bereversed, and provided with a nut at lits lower instead of at its upperend.

The mechanism for reversing the chisel will be fully understood from thefollowing detailed description of its operation.

If, when the parts are in the position shown in Figs. l and 2, it bedesired to reverse or to turn the chisel half way round, in orderproperly to finish a mortise which has been partially cut, the operator,by releasing the treadle, permits the table and the work resting thereonto descend by their own weight clear of the chisel. The table, indescending, also deprcsses the rear arm ofthe treadle-lever, which, f

through the medium of the lever G, or other connection, draws back theslide F in the di rection of the arrow, Fig. 2, from the position shownin the latter figure to that represented in Fig. 5, the hookedspring-pawl E during this movement engaging with the pin a on the underside of the disk D, and turning the latter and the chisel, in thedirection of the arrow, to the extent of one quarter of arevolution-that is, to the position shown in Fig. 5 the otherpawl Eslipping over the pin b on the upper side of the disk, and assumingaposition at the rear of the same. The operator now'depresses thetreadle in order to raise the table and work, and simultaneously withthis movement the slide F is pushed forward, as indicated by the arrow,Fig. 5, and the pawl E is forced against the pin b of the disk, thusturning the latter and the chisel to the extent of another quarter of arevolution, or to a position exactly the reverse of that first describedand illustrated in Fig. l. rI he work is then proceeded with, and thelnortise finished wit-h the chisel in its reversed position.

It is essential, in reversing the chisel, that it should be turnedexactly halfway round in the two movements; but the lirst movement mightexceed or be less than a quarter of a revolution. y

By a modification of the connecting mechanism between the treadle andslide, the latter could also be caused to reverse the chisel by firstmoving forward and then backward, instead of the reverse, as beforedescribed.

It will be observed, on reference to the plan views, Figs. 2 and 5, thatthe pins a a and b b on the lower and upper sides ot" the disk D are inthe present instance so arranged in respect to each other, and that theextent ot' the movement ot' the pawls in respect to the said pins issuch, that the movement of the disk cannot exceed or be less than aquarter of a revolution for each movement of the slide; consequently thechisel must be turned exactly halt'- wa-y round or reversed for everytwo movements oi' the disk and slide caused by the raisk ing andlowering of the treadle, as before described.

I prefer to employ spring-pawls E and E 5 but the said pawls might berigid if the extent of the movement of the slide were slightlyincreased.

As it is necessary that the chisel should be held perfectly rm when inoperation, the disk D is provided at opposite points with stop-pins e,one or' which, after the adjustment of the chisel, bears against theprojection j of the slide., as shown in Fig. 2, and thus prevents therotary movement ofthe disk and chisel in one direction, while allmovement in the opposite direction is prevented by the. pawl E, which ishooked around one oi' the pins a of the disk.

All independent rotary movement of the chisel-spindle within itsbearingB is prevented by ai'eather, h, on the said spindle, whichextends into the split portion of the said bearing,

as sho wn in Figs. 3 and 4; and the conical bearing is itself preventedfrom tnrningindependently by a projection at its lower end adapted to arecess in the frame or in the extension D of the disk D.

The conical bearing might, Without departing from my invention, be splitinto two or more longitudinal sections.

I claim as my inventionl. In combination with the reciprocatingchisel-spindle of a mortising-machine, a disk, D, with its pins a and b,the slide F, or its equivalent, and pawls E and E.

2. The combina-tion of the above with the pins e and stop f.

3. The combination of the reversing device forming the subject-matter ofthe iirst claim with the treadle H for controlling the worktable and theintervening mechanism, whereby the table and reversing mechanism arecaused to work in unison, as set forth.

4. The combination, substantially as de-A scribed, with thereciprocating chisel-spindle A, ot' the adjustable conical split bearingB.

In testimony whereof I yhave signed my name to this specification in thepresence or' two subscribing witnesses.

LEVI HOUSTON. lVitnesses:

WM. A. STEEL, HUBERT HowsoN.

